Ad Hoc network is a special kind of wireless communication network. All nodes are equal, and there is no central control node in the network. Because of the mobility of nodes, network topology changes frequently and arbitrarily. This temporary autonomous system is very flexible, which has strong robustness and survivability. It shows good prospects in military area and civilian area. However, the routing protocols of traditional network can not be used due to the specificity of Ad Hoc network. In Ad Hoc network, the topology changes constantly, the wireless bandwidth is limited, the computing power and storage capacity of a node are very low, and the power consumption is also limited. All these reasons make how to design an effective routing protocol be an important subject in the development of Ad Hoc network.Ant colony algorithm is a heuristic search algorithm inspired by the foraging behavior of real ants. This algorithm uses autocatalytic positive feedback mechanism, has global optimization capability and parallelism in nature. It does not depend on the mathematical description of the specific issue.
